Early Life Circumstance and Adult Mental Health
结合可可价格时间序列与加纳全国调查数据，发现早年可可价格每上升一个标准差，可可产区出生人群成年后严重心理困扰概率降低3个百分点，相当于均值的一半。
We show that psychological well-being in adulthood varies substantially with circumstance in early life. Combining a time series of real producer prices of cocoa with a nationally representative household survey in Ghana, we find that a one standard deviation rise in the cocoa price in early life decreases the likelihood of severe mental distress in adulthood by 3 percentage points (or half the mean prevalence) for cohorts born in cocoa-producing regions relative to those born in other regions. Impacts on related personality traits are consistent with this result. Maternal nutrition, reinforcing childhood investments, and adult circumstances are operative channels of impact.