Who Benefits from State Corporate Tax Cuts? A Local Labor Markets Approach with Heterogeneous Firms
利用州级企业税率和分配规则的变化，估计企业税对工人、土地所有者和企业主福利的影响，发现企业主承担约40%的税负，工人和土地所有者分别承担30-35%和25-30%。
This paper estimates the incidence of state corporate taxes on the welfare of workers, landowners, and firm owners using variation in state corporate tax rates and apportionment rules. We develop a spatial equilibrium model with imperfectly mobile firms and workers. Firm owners may earn profits and be inframarginal in their location choices due to differences in location-specific productivities. We use the reduced-form effects of tax changes to identify and estimate incidence as well as the structural parameters governing these impacts. In contrast to standard open economy models, firm owners bear roughly 40 percent of the incidence, while workers and landowners bear 30–35 percent and 25–30 percent, respectively.