Richard Stone's Contributions to Economics
回顾了理查德·斯通在二战期间与米德和凯恩斯合作开创国民收入核算的历程，并引用其关于社会经济学框架的观点，适合对经济思想史和国民账户感兴趣的读者。
Richard Stone published his first scientific studies in the late 1930s. During World War II, he worked on various government assignments. His work during this period on national income estimates and more extensive national accounts for England turned out to be of particular importance for future research in economics. Stone was involved in this work as early as 1940 and carried out pioneering studies in collaboration with J. E. Meade and in contact with J. M. Keynes. Most of Stone's writings are rigorously technical and soberly impersonal. However, in an article [45]1 on the development and use of national income estimates, he added some interesting personal glimpses from this period. He also formulated a somewhat more personal creed than is usually found in his works. It would seem worthwhile to quote an excerpt: Anyone who believes in the maintenance of a social economy and the avoidance of the totalitarian direction of all aspects of economic life must be concerned at the present time with the creation of an institutional framework which will permit a social economy, with the essential features of free markets, free choice of occupations and free choice in the spending of disposable income, to more in accordance with contemporary social ideals. In the achievement of this goal and in re-drafting the rules of the economic game in such a way that both laissez-faire and overall physical control are rejected as a basis for economic organization, national income and expenditure studies and their extension to the technique of national budgeting have, I believe, a great deal to offer. Stone then went on to discuss how the economy can be made to function more in accordance with contemporary social ideals and referred first and foremost to stabilization of economic activity, equalization of income distribution and different forms of intervention in the competitive mechanism