Charity Auctions: A Field Experiment
通过实地实验比较三种密封投标拍卖形式（第一价格、第二价格、全支付）的筹款效果，发现第一价格拍卖优于其他两种，并指出参与率差异是理论与现实差距的来源。
Auctions are a popular way to raise money for charities, but relatively little is known, either theoretically or empirically, about the properties of charity auctions. We conduct field experiments to see which sealed bid format, first price, second price or all-pay, raises the most money. Our experiment suggests that both the all-pay and second price formats are dominated by the first price auction. Our design also allows us to identify differential participation as the source of the difference between existing theory and the field. Copyright 2008 The Author(s). Journal compilation Royal Economic Society 2008.