The Opportunity Costs of Elder Care
基于1987年全国家庭调查数据，用工具变量法估计照护失能老年父母对男女工作时间的因果影响，发现照护显著减少女性工作时间，尤其对非共同居住的照护影响更大。
This study uses data from the 1987 National Survey of Families and Households to estimate the impact of caring for disabled elderly parents on the work hours of men and women. Instrumental variable techniques were used to correct for possible endogeneity bias. Work hours were consistently reduced by caregiving, although the effect was significant only for women providing care to parents residing outside the household. The magnitude of the caregiving effect was larger for women than for men and for coresidence than for non-coresidential care.