Bias in Cable News: Persuasion and Polarization
利用有线电视频道位置作为外生变量，测量了倾向性新闻的说服效果和观众对同类新闻的偏好，发现福克斯新闻使受影响的观众中共和党得票率增加0.3个百分点。
We measure the persuasive effects of slanted news and tastes for like-minded news, exploiting cable channel positions as exogenous shifters of cable news viewership. Channel positions do not correlate with demographics that predict viewership and voting, nor with local satellite viewership. We estimate that Fox News increases Republican vote shares by 0.3 points among viewers induced into watching 2.5 additional minutes per week by variation in position. We then estimate a model of voters who select into watching slanted news, and whose ideologies evolve as a result. We use the model to assess the growth over time of Fox News influence, to quantitatively assess media-driven polarization, and to simulate alternative ideological slanting of news channels.