Deforestation and Ownership: Evidence from Historical Accounts and Contemporary Data
通过比较过去三千年森林覆盖变化与人类历史，发现所有权不安全（如战争和动荡时期）、人口增长和农业减产会加剧森林砍伐，并用跨国数据验证了所有权不安全时农业产量低、森林砍伐快的观点。
Historical accounts of forest cover changes over the last three millennia are compared to contemporaneous human history, to shed light on factors contributing to large scale changes in forest stocks. Insecure ownership, for example, during wartime and periods of unrest, tends to accompany deforestation, as does population growth, and as does declining agricultural yields. A simple model of forest stocks and agricultural yields that captures these relationships is formulated to guide empirical analysis. Estimates based on cross-country data support the proposition that agricultural yields tend to be low and deforestation rates rapid where ownership is inscure.