Moral Hazard and GATT Article XVIII(B)
分析GATT第十八条(B)款允许发展中国家在收支危机时加征关税，但引发道德风险问题；回顾历史与保障措施，提出模型并建议改革。
Article XVIII(B) of the GATT code allows developing countries to use tariffs to reduce imports when their balance-of-payments problems result in a low foreign currency reserve. While the intent of this GATT provision is sound, it has led to moral hazard problems. This chapter reviews the history and safeguards of Article XVIII(B0 and identifies some of its specific moral hazard problems. A model addressing these problems is then presented, and alternative policies are suggested to reform the Article.