Demographic and Time Patterns in Layoffs and Quits
利用1967-83年月度数据，将就业到失业的转变分解为裁员和辞职，分析十个年龄性别组的模式，发现裁员比辞职更具周期性，且趋势对男性裁员影响更大，而周期对女性影响更大。
This article decomposes the monthly transition from employment to unemployment as measured by gross flow data into layoffs and quits for ten age-sex groups. It examines three patterns for each subflow over the 1967-83 periods and compares age and sex groups. It finds that layoffs are more cyclically sensitive than quits into unemployment and that trend is a more influential determinant of layoffs than business cycle factors for most males whereas the opposite is true for most females. Other researchers have not found such robust cyclical results, probably because they have not distinguished between layoffs and quits in the employment-to-unemployment transition. Policy implications are briefly discussed.