Geographical Indications and Property Rights: Protecting Value-Added Agricultural Products
对比了美国认证商标、欧盟地理标志和WTO地理标志三种农产品产权保护体系，分析各自的利弊及对保护美国高价值农产品的影响，适合关注农产品贸易与知识产权政策的读者。
Since 1992, the European Union has protected high-quality agricultural products based on geographical origin using designations of geographical indications (GIs). U.S. producers and processors can obtain a type of trademark called a certification mark, which provides similar protections to that of GIs but protects products only within the United States. In the current round of the World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations, the European Union and other countries are seeking to expand protection through GIs. If they achieve the full range of protection they are seeking, many U.S. producers and processors could no longer use many product names currently treated as generic (e.g., feta cheese). This article describes and contrasts three systems of protecting property rights for agricultural products (certification mark, E.U.-wide GI, and WTO GI) and discusses some of the benefits and problems of each system and the effects of each system on helping to differentiate and protect high-value U.S. agricultural products.