EX‐ANTE AND EX‐POST MEASUREMENT OF EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY IN HEALTH: A NORMATIVE DECOMPOSITION
提出并讨论了健康不平等的事前与事后两种定义方法，基于路径独立的Atkinson平等指数测量健康机会均等，利用英国家庭面板调查数据发现2000-2005年间英国至少三分之一健康不平等是机会均等。
This paper proposes and discusses two different approaches to the definition of inequality in health: the ex-ante and the ex-post approach. It proposes strategies for measuring inequality of opportunity in health based on the path-independent Atkinson equality index. The proposed methodology is illustrated using data from the British Household Panel Survey; the results suggest that in the period 2000-2005, at least one-third of the observed health equalities in the UK were equalities of opportunity.