GLOBALIZING KNOWLEDGE: HOW TECHNOLOGICAL OPENNESS AFFECTS OUTPUT, SPATIAL INEQUALITY, AND WELFARE LEVELS
通过一个可解析求解的模型，研究了货币外部性和技术外部性如何影响经济活动的空间分布与福利水平，发现促进技术开放性（即增加区域间知识溢出）有助于缓解贸易全球化带来的灾难性集聚，使福利分布更均衡。
ABSTRACT Using an analytically solvable model, we study how the spatial distribution of economic activities and the ensuing welfare levels are affected by pecuniary externalities, depending on transportation costs, and localized technological externalities, due to the cost saving effect of intra‐ and interregional knowledge spillovers. Under the assumption of capital mobility and labor immobility, we show that increasing interregional knowledge spillovers, i.e., promoting technological openness, favors a smoother transition between different levels of firms concentration, makes trade globalization less likely to generate catastrophic and irreversible agglomeration, and ultimately leads to a less uneven distribution of welfare.