Nontraditional Partial Adjustment Models and Their Use in Estimating the Residential Demand for Electricity in Costa Rica
研究了哥斯达黎加住宅电力消费，使用非传统部分调整模型估计价格和收入弹性，填补了发展中国家电力需求研究的空白。
The present study attempts to augment our very limited knowledge of electricity demand in the developing world by analyzing residential electricity consumption in a middle income level Latin American country, Costa Rica. While a number of econometric investigations of the determinants of residential electricity demand have been carried out in developed countries using good data and a reasonably complete set of variables, few comparable studies are available for the developing world. In Latin America the only two of which we are aware are Berndt and Samaniego (1984) and Westley (1984a). The former studies household electricity consumption in Mexico, an upper income level Latin state. The latter analyzes residential and commercial electricity demand in a lower income Latin American country, Paraguay. This paper is organized as follows. The balance of this introduction summarizes the major issues and results. Then, Section II discusses variables, III presents the basic econometric results, and IV examines the issue of dynamic adjustment and discusses the need for more flexible partial adjustment (PA) models. Appendix A derives the linear appliance price index, Appendix B supplements the discussion of dynamic adjustment in Section IV, and Appendix C derives the flexible PA models from cost minimization principles. Price and Income Elasticities