The Construction and Use of Approximations for Missing Quarterly Observations: A Model-Based Approach
用基于模型的方法，从荷兰劳动力市场的年度数据推导出季度数据，作为代理变量用于估计和分析结构性劳动市场方程。
We use a model-based approach to derive quarterly figures on several variables for the aggregate labor market in the Netherlands that are only observed annually. These approximations are conditional expectations derived from univariate and bivariate quarterly time series models for the series under consideration. They are subsequently used as proxies to estimate and analyze the structural labor market equations. Attention is given to the properties of estimation procedures based on proxy variables.