Buzz: face-to-face contact and the urban economy
论证了面对面接触是城市集聚模型的基础，分析了其作为高效沟通技术、解决激励问题、促进社交学习和提供心理动力的四大特征，并建立了两个正式经济模型。
This paper argues that existing models of urban concentrations are incomplete unless grounded in the most fundamental aspect of proximity; face-to-face contact.Face-to-face contact has four main features; it is an efficient communication technology; it can help solve incentive problems; it can facilitate socialization and learning; and it provides psychological motivation.We discuss each of these features in turn, and develop formal economic models of two of them.Face-to-face is particularly important in environments where information is imperfect, rapidly changing, and not easily codified, key features of many creative activities.