Alternative Models of Earnings Determination and Labor Market Structures
考察了地理工资差异的大小和特征，并将其与现有简化的劳动力市场模型联系起来，指出补偿性差异和劳动力需求两类模型虽假设和含义不同，但难以区分，需要更多结构性分析。
There are three distinct research traditions in the analysis of individual earnings determination: human capital, or earnings function, analyses; aggregate wage analyses; and labor demand analyses. An important and incongruous aspect of each is the treatment of geographical differences in labor markets. This paper first investigates the magnitude and character of geographical wage differentials. The sizable differences discovered there are then related to the existing, and highly simplified, models of labor market differences. While the two major classes of models (compensating differentials and labor demand) differ significantly in assumptions and implications, it is impossible to distinguish adequately between them. There appears to be a clear need for more structural analyses of labor market operations.