Absence from Work of the Self‐Employed: A Comparison with Paid Employees
利用德国大型代表性数据，对比自雇者与受薪雇员的缺勤情况，发现自雇者缺勤率明显更低，且差异主要源于健康状况良好时的行为差异，暗示受薪雇员中存在偷懒和道德风险问题。
Summary Using a large representative data set for G ermany, this study contrasts absenteeism of self‐employed individuals and paid employees by estimating hurdle models. We find that absence from work is clearly less prevalent among the self‐employed than among paid employees. Only to a small extent, this difference can be traced back to differences in health status and job satisfaction. Furthermore, the gap in absenteeism does not seem to be driven by different behaviour in case of sickness as we find no clear difference in the prevalence of presenteeism between the two groups. We suspect that different behaviour in case of healthiness plays a role, highlighting potential shirking and moral hazard problems in paid employment.