The Relative Inefficiency of Quotas: The Cheese Case
研究产品异质性导致关税与配额不等价，并以奶酪市场为例证明配额相对低效，为偏好价格工具的经济学观点提供实证基础。
The nonequivalence of tariffs and quotas under a wide variety of circumstances is well established in economic theory. This study considers heterogeneity as a source of nonequivalence and demonstrates its practical importance. Where restriction is inevitable, the bias of economists in favor of price instruments is not thoroughly grounded; this study should help provide a foundation. The point of departure from the equivalence model is differentiation of products.