The Distribution and Anti-Poverty Effectiveness of U.S. Transfers, 1992
分析1992年美国九项社会福利项目的参与情况和反贫困效果，发现福利主要流向老年人、残疾人和就业前景差的人群，说明福利分配较为精准。
In 1992, federal, state, and local governments spent almost $1.3 trillion for social welfare programs. This paper examines program participation and the anti-poverty effectiveness of nine selected social welfare programs. The results suggest that the benefits from these programs are fairly well targeted-with the elderly, disabled, and those with poor labor market prospects receiving most of the benefits.