Differences in Unemployment Experience Between Blacks and Whites
研究发现，黑人失业率几乎是白人的两倍，且即使考虑教育、年龄等因素，种族差异仍解释不了大部分失业经历的变化。
twice as likely as whites to be unemployed, almost irregardless of the level of overall economic activity. Among the various explanations given for the black-white unemployment rate differential are racial discrimination, differences in the level of educational attainment, differences in the quality of education, differences in the minimum wage acceptable for employment, and differences in job search patterns and job retention. Using data for a low unemployment period (1969-70), my analysis indicates that among inner-city residents of New York City a racial disparity existed in unemployment experience and that while factors such as schooling, age, previous training, and other demographic characteristics mattered, they accounted for less than twofifths of the variations in unemployment experience. My results also indicate that the distinction between the number of spells of unemployment and the length of unemployment is an important one, and that the experience of blacks and whites differ substantially by either measure.