Self-Defeating Regional Concentration
构建两区域迁移模型，发现自由迁移可能导致个体集体偏好均匀分布却最终集中于一地，即自我挫败的集中，并刻画其条件。
Most policy debates on regional policies implicitly assume that there is too much concentration. In our two-region economy model of migration, desirable concentration fails to occur under some conditions, and undesirable concentration occurs in others. In the latter case, even though the individuals collectively prefer to be distributed evenly across the two regions, they end up concentrating into one region in their pursuit of better life. Hence, the freedom to move can be self-defeating. The authors characterize the conditions for such self-defeating concentration. The coordination failures between the entry decision of service firms and the migration decision of individuals are caused by the incompleteness of markets due to the endogeneity of the range of services available, which deprive the agents of the opportunity to signal demand and supply for potential services. The argument does not rely on price distortions, the nonconvexities implied by increasing returns and nontradedness, congestion externalities) nor myopia in migration decisions. Copyright 1998 by The Review of Economic Studies Limited.