Optimal pricing with intermodal competition
将鲍莫尔和布拉德福德的多产品垄断有效定价理论扩展到多式联运竞争情形，推导出存在规模经济时次优定价偏离边际成本的规则，并应用于地面货运运输。
This analysis extends the work of William Baumol and David Bradford, on efficient pricing with a multiproduct monopoly, to include the case of intermodal competition. A set of rules is developed, showing how second best processes deviate from marginal cost when economics of scale are present. The paper shows why these rules may be difficult to implement in some cases, with a direct application to surface freight transport and then suggests a variation in the theory of second best that may be useful given those difficulties.