On the Relationship between Innovation and Wage Inequality: New Evidence fromCanadian Cities
研究了1996-2006年间加拿大城市创新与工资不平等的关系，发现创新水平越高的城市，收入分配越不平等，并分析了城市规模、制造业和政府就业等因素的影响。
Abstract In this article, we examine the link between innovation and earnings inequality across C anadian cities over the 1996–2006 period. We do so using a novel data set that combines information from the C anadian long‐form census and the U nited S tates P atent and T rademark O ffice. The analysis reveals that there is a positive relationship between innovation and inequality: cities with higher levels of innovation have more unequal distributions of earnings. Other factors influencing differences in inequality include city size, manufacturing and government employment, the percentage of visible minority in an urban population, and educational inequality. These results are robust to the use of different measures of inequality, innovation, alternative specifications, and instrumental variables estimations. Questions are thus raised about how the benefits of innovation are distributed in society and the long‐term sustainability of such trends.