Relative Efficiency of Voluntary Versus Mandatory Environmental Regulations (The)
比较了政府要求农民在环境敏感土地上采用特定管理措施时，自愿性激励计划与强制性罚款两种方式的效率，发现自愿计划在某些条件下更高效。
When the government wants farmers to adopt a certain management practice on environmentally sensitive land, it can mandate adoption, with fines for noncompliance, or use a stewardship program, with incentives for those who comply. The Federal Agriculture Improvement Act of 1996 (FAIR) continues the tradition of voluntary programs. An analysis by the authors outlines the conditions under which these voluntary programs are more efficient than mandatory ones.