Determinants of the Commodity Structure of U.S. Trade: Comment
通过结合Baldwin和Hufbauer的数据，改进了对美国贸易商品结构决定因素的统计分析，并采用新方法探讨出口绩效与技术创新的关系，同时利用多国数据补充技术变革和规模经济对贸易流的影响。
Theoretical and empirical analyses of international commodity trade patterns have developed in several directions since Wassily Leontief's article on the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin theory. Robert B aldwin's recent article in this Review provides a comprehensive survey of the important issues in contemporary trade literature. His efforts at location and consolidation of data from many sources have shed new light on several competing hypotheses attempting to explain trade patterns. This paper will attempt to improve Baldwin's statistical results by combining his data with some developed by Gary Hufbauer in a parallel study of the industrial characteristics of trade. Also, the relationship between export performance and technological innovation will be explored by a new approach which focuses on actual change in the production function and not merely potential improvement by Research & Development (R&D) efforts. Finally, economic and industry characteristics of several countries other than the United States will be used to provide additional information concerning the relationship of technological change and economies of scale to trade flows.