Upstream Market Power and Wasteful Retailers*
研究了零售商为何故意多进货并浪费产品，发现当零售商拥有市场势力时，会购买超过最终销售量的产品，造成浪费。
Abstract We provide a novel explanation for the wasteful product disposal by retailers. In our model, after purchasing a quantity of a product from the manufacturer, the retailer exerts a costly effort to sell the product to the final users. The manufacturer’s production cost and the outside opportunity associated with it is private information. We show that, when the manufacturer has the upstream market power, the retailer sells all units purchased from the manufacturer. However, when the retailer has the market power, it might deliberately purchase more than it sells to the final users (thus wasting the unsold amount).