Third‐Degree Price Discrimination and Consumer Surplus
研究了垄断企业实行三级价格歧视对总消费者剩余的影响，发现歧视通常减少剩余，但在特定条件下（如高传导系数与高弹性市场）可能增加剩余，例如Logit需求下传导系数大于0.5时。
This paper considers the effects of monopoly third‐degree price discrimination on aggregate consumer surplus. Discrimination is likely to reduce surplus (relative to that obtained with a uniform price), but surplus can rise under reasonable conditions. If the ratio of the pass‐through coefficient to the price elasticity at the uniform price is higher in the market with the higher price elasticity then surplus is larger with discrimination (for a large set of demand functions). The relatively high pass‐through coefficient implies a large price reduction in this market. With logit demand functions surplus is higher with discrimination if pass‐through is above 0.5.