The World is Spiky: An Internationalization Framework for A Semi‐Globalized World
针对现有国际化理论偏重国家层面、忽视区域层面的不足，本文整合组织学习与半全球化研究，提出企业通过区域内利用、区域内重构和区域间探索三种机制实现国际化，并归纳出本土区域化和多区域化两种典型路径。
Firms operate in a semi‐globalized world wherein opportunities and constraints arise at both the country and regional levels; however, extant theories of firm internationalization focus mostly on country‐level determinants. We aim to overcome this deficiency by developing a theoretical model that explicates the mechanisms driving firm internationalization in a semi‐globalized world. Integrating the organizational learning literature with research on semi‐globalization, we argue that firms internationalize through the interplay among three mechanisms: (1) intraregional exploitation; (2) intraregional reconfiguration; and (3) inter‐regional exploration. We define and integrate these three mechanisms to derive two ideal typical internationalization trajectories that firms follow in a semi‐globalized world: home regionalization and multiregionalization. We then elaborate on how macro‐level contingencies moderate these two ideal types and conclude with implications for future research.