Quality and Accountability in Health Care Delivery: Audit-Study Evidence from Primary Care in India
通过审计研究，发现印度农村私人医疗提供者虽多数无资质，但检查清单完成度和正确治疗比例不低于公立提供者；公立医生在私人诊所表现更好；市场价格与质量正相关，但也与过度治疗相关。
We present unique audit-study evidence on health care quality in rural India, and find that most private providers lacked medical qualifications, but completed more checklist items than public providers and recommended correct treatments equally often. Among doctors with public and private practices, all quality metrics were higher in their private clinics. Market prices are positively correlated with checklist completion and correct treatment, but also with unnecessary treatments. However, public sector salaries are uncorrelated with quality. A simple model helps interpret our findings: Where public-sector effort is low, the benefits of higher diagnostic effort among private providers may outweigh costs of potential overtreatment.