Intra-Household Resource Allocation: An Inferential Approach
利用巴西家庭健康与营养调查数据，检验家庭收入是否被集中分配以最大化福利。结果发现母亲控制的非劳动收入对家庭健康和儿童存活率的影响显著大于父亲，且存在性别偏好。
If household.income is pooled and then allocated to maximize welfare, then income under the control of mothers and fathers should have the same impact on demand.With survey data on family health and nutrition in Brazil, the equality of parental income effects is rejected.Unearned income in the hands of mothers has a bigger effect on her family's health than income under the control of fathers; for child survival probabilities the effect is almost twenty times bigger.The common preference (or neoclassical) model of the household is rejected.If unearned income is measured with error and income is pooled then the ratio of maternal to paternal income effects should be the same; equality of the ratios cannot be rejected.There is also evidence for gender preference: mothers prefer to devote resources to improving the nutritional status of their daughters, fathers to sons.,>.w