CLUSTER POLICIES AND FIRM SELECTION: EVIDENCE FROM FRANCE
研究了法国竞争力集群政策中受益企业的选择机制，区分了政策选择与企业自选择效应，发现两类效应在政策各阶段均存在，为评估集群政策目标实现提供了方法。
ABSTRACT We shed light on the selection of beneficiaries from the French competitiveness cluster policy, launched in 2005 and extended to 2012. We disentangle the selection and self‐selection effects, as emphasized in the theoretical literature on regional and industrial policy. Our main conclusion is that winners were (self‐)selected at both steps of the procedure, and that this holds for the three cluster types: “worldwide,” “potentially worldwide,” and “national clusters.” We thus provide a methodology which allows to contrast the effective outcomes of the selection process and the official objectives of cluster policies in terms of targeting, helping in their econometric evaluation.