The gift of being chosen
实验发现，被雇主选中的工人会付出高于最低要求的努力，且当雇主可发送自由文本消息时，低能力工人的努力显著高于高能力工人，弥补了能力差距。
Abstract We report evidence from an experiment where an employer selects one of two workers to perform a task for a fixed compensation. Workers differ in their ability. The employer’s payoff depends on the worker’s ability and on a non-contractible effort that the worker exerts once employed. We find that selected workers exert an effort higher than the minimum enforceable one. When the employers can send a free-text form message to the selected worker, workers with low ability exert significantly higher effort than the workers with high ability. The difference in effort overcompensates the difference in ability.