Heterogeneous Wage Effects of Apprenticeship Training*
研究发现学徒培训后换雇主和职业的平均工资效应较小，但不同职业组和学历背景的学徒差异很大；工业类职业换工作有工资优势，而商业、建筑和手工艺类则面临损失。
Abstract The relatively small average wage effects of employer and occupation changes after apprenticeship training mask large differences between occupation groups and apprentices with different schooling backgrounds. People who change employer and occupation within industrial occupations enjoy large wage advantages, whereas apprentices in commerce and trading occupations, as well as in construction and crafts occupations, face wage losses from an occupation change. The differences between the firms that provide the apprenticeship training are found to be small or insignificant. In this paper, we reconcile the differences between previous findings by comparing and replicating the empirical estimation strategies used. This demonstrates that selectivity in occupations and changes, unobserved heterogeneity between occupations, and sample selection do matter.