A Typology of International New Ventures: Empirical Evidence from High-Technology Industries
研究了四种国际新创企业类型（出口初创、地理聚焦初创、跨国贸易商、全球初创）的决定因素，基于195家德国高科技企业的数据，发现增长导向、国际经验、知识密集度、产品差异化和学习导向能显著区分这些类型。
We examine determinants of different types of International New Ventures (INVs), namely Export Start-up, Geographically Focused Start-up, Multinational Trader, and Global Start-up. Whereas this typology of INVs has been widely accepted in the literature, empirical testing of the determinants of INV types is largely missing. Our arguments build on the International New Venture Theory (INVT). Hypotheses generated from our framework are tested on 195 German high-tech enterprises. Results show that growth orientation, prior international experience, knowledge intensity, product differentiation, and learning orientation distinguish significantly between the different INV types.