Monopolistic Competition and International Trade: Reconsidering the Evidence
检验了Helpman和Krugman垄断竞争模型对国际贸易流量的预测，发现OECD国家间的贸易量不符合完全产业内贸易模型，非OECD国家亦然，且产业内贸易份额与更一般模型也不完全一致，质疑了这些模型的经验有效性。
We test some propositions about international trade flows that are derived from models of monopolistic competition developed by Elhanan Helpman and Paul Krugman. We investigate whether the volume of trade between OECD countries is consistent with the predictions of a model in which all trade is intraindustry trade in differentiated products. We then repeat the test with non-OECD countries. We also investigate whether the share of intraindustry trade is consistent with a more general theoretical model in which some, but not all, trade is intraindustry trade. Our results lead us to question the apparent empirical success of these models.