The Varieties of Resource Experience
研究依赖点源自然资源（如石油、矿产）和种植园作物的国家为何在1970年代商品繁荣后增长放缓，发现这些国家因经济和社会分化加剧、制度能力削弱，难以有效应对冲击，从而影响长期繁荣。
Many oil; mineral; and plantation crop–based economies experienced a substantial deceleration in growth following the commodity boom and bust of the 1970s and early 1980s. This article illustrates how countries dependent on point source natural resources (those extracted from a narrow geographic or economic base; such as oil and minerals) and plantation crops are predisposed to heightened economic and social divisions and weakened institutional capacity. This in turn impedes their ability to respond effectively to shocks; which previous studies have shown to be essential for sustaining rising levels of prosperity. Analysis of data on classifications of export structure; controlling for a wide array of other potential determinants of governance; shows that point source– and coffee and cocoa–exporting countries do relatively poorly across an array of governance indicators. These governance effects are not associated simply with being a natural resource exporter. Countries with natural resource exports that ...