Contextual Distance and the International Strategic Alliance Performance: A Conceptual Framework and a Partial Meta-analytic Test
研究提出情境距离影响国际战略联盟学习过程和绩效的整合模型，元分析46篇关于中外合作的研究发现，情境距离与联盟绩效呈倒U型关系，且伙伴的情境经验（如运营时长、在华经验、所在区域）会调节学习过程。
ABSTRACT We propose an integrative model on how contextual distance influences the learning process and performance of international strategic alliances (ISAs). We argue that contextual distance increases knowledge diversity but decreases knowledge exchange between the alliance partners, which has implications for the alliance's knowledge creation and performance. A meta-analysis of 46 empirical studies published between 1990 and 2013 dealing with Sino-foreign collaborations in China revealed that contextual distance showed an inverted U-shaped relationship with alliance performance. Proxies for partners’ contextual experience, for example, the length of an alliance's operation in China, the foreign partners’ in-country experiences, and ISAs’ location in a more developed Chinese region, moderate the learning processes. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.