On pure-strategy Nash equilibria in price–quantity games
研究了企业同时设定价格和数量的寡头模型中纯策略纳什均衡的存在性和特征，证明在连续需求下均衡结果类似纯价格模型，在不连续需求下可能出现配给均衡。
This paper examines the existence and characteristics of pure-strategy Nash equilibria in oligopoly models in which firms simultaneously set prices and quantities. Existence of a pure-strategy equilibrium is proved for a class of price–quantity games. If the demand function is continuous, then the equilibrium outcome is similar to that of a price-only model. With discontinuous demand and limited spillover, there are rationing equilibria in which combined production falls short of market demand. Moreover, there might again be an equilibrium reflecting the outcome of a price game. Competition in price and quantity thus yields Bertrand outcomes under a variety of market conditions.