Rural nonagricultural activities in development
以Hymer-Resnick Z商品模型为起点，指出其悲观结论基于殖民时期的严格假设；放宽假设后提出更积极的可能性，并分析独立后传统与非传统Z商品的作用，最后用菲律宾和台湾的历史经验进行实证说明。
This paper focusses on the potentially important role of rural nonagricultural activity in the development process. Using the Hymer-Resnick Z-goods model as a point of departure, we first show that its pessimistic conclusions are based on rather restrictive assumptions as applied to the colonial period. We relax these assumptions, indicating the theoretical possibility of a substantially more positive scenario for that period. Subsequently, we analyze the role of Z-goods, traditional and nontraditional, in the post-independence era, again distinguishing between archetypal pessimistic and optimistic cases. Finally, the comparative historical experience of the Philippines and Taiwan is brought to bear to illustrate the argument empirically.