Introduction: The dark and light sides of organizational citizenship behavior
本文是《组织行为学杂志》上关于组织公民行为正反两面辩论的引言，介绍了该行为超越核心任务、通常被视为积极贡献，但也可出于自私动机并产生负面影响，同时也有主动或反应性帮助的积极形式。
Summary This is an introduction to a point/counterpoint exchange in Journal of Organizational Behavior on the negative versus positive sides of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Such behaviors go beyond the core tasks that individuals do on the job and are generally considered positive contributions that support organizations. Bolino, Klotz, Turnley, and Harvey cover the dark (negative) side of OCB, arguing that it can be performed for self‐serving motives and that it can have detrimental effects. They discuss the costs of performing OCB to the individuals who perform it, and potential negative consequences for organizations. Conversely, Spitzmuller and Van Dyne cover the light (positive) side, focusing on OCB as forms of either proactive or reactive helping behavior. Proactive helping is motivated by internal needs with the individual seeking out opportunities to engage in OCB. Reactive helping is an altruistic response to a perceived need by a colleague or the organization itself. Taken together, these two papers provide a comprehensive overview of the complex effects of OCB on actors who perform it and targets who receive it. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.