The Impact of Banking and Fringe Banking Regulation on the Number of Unbanked Americans
研究发现，要求银行提供低成本账户的州立法会略微减少低收入少数族裔无银行账户家庭的数量，但存在显著滞后；而对支票兑现费设置上限则能更迅速地小幅减少该群体中的无银行账户人数。
Abstract Thirty-five to 45 percent of low-income American households do not possess a bank account. This statistic coupled with claims of price gouging by check cashers has prompted government intervention. I find that state legislation requiring banks to offer low-cost accounts slightly decreases the number of low-income minority unbanked households, but only with a substantial lag. Caps on check-cashing fees also lead to a small, but more immediate, reduction in the number of unbanked among this population. Because price caps may lead to a reduction in supply, welfare effects are indeterminate.