The Fourfold Pattern of Risk Attitudes in Choice and Pricing Tasks
研究通过定价和选择两种实验方法考察风险态度的四重模式，发现定价任务中个体表现出经典模式，而选择任务中决策接近随机，表明实验方法影响风险偏好测量。
We examine the robustness of the fourfold pattern of risk attitudes under two elicitation procedures. We find that individuals are, on average, risk-seeking over low-probability gains and high-probability losses and risk-averse over high-probability gains and low-probability losses when we elicit prices for the gambles. However, a choice-based elicitation procedure, where participants choose between a gamble and its expected value, yields individual decisions that are indistinguishable from random choice. Sensitivity to elicitation procedure holds between and within participants, and remains when participants are allowed to review and change decisions. The price elicitation procedure is more complex; this finding may be further evidence that an increase in cognitive load exacerbates behavioural anomalies. Copyright © The Author(s). Journal compilation © Royal Economic Society 2009.