Reassessment of the Impact of the EPA’s Voluntary 33/50 Program on Toxic Releases
重新评估了美国环保局自愿性33/50计划在1988-1995年间减少17种高优先级有毒化学品排放的效果，发现设施层面的参与数据表明参与者减排率显著更高，而企业层面数据会低估效果。
This paper reevaluates the effectiveness of the EPA’s voluntary 33/50 program in reducing the releases of 17 high-priority toxic chemicals for the 1988–1995 period. Contrary to previous studies that use program participation information at the firm level and find mixed evidence on the effectiveness of the program, our analysis uses participation status at the facility level and shows the importance of undertaking analysis at a disaggregated scale. We find the rate of reduction in releases was significantly higher for program participants than nonparticipants, but the effect is attenuated when estimated using firm-level participation data. <i></i>