Tenure Insecurity and Investment in Soil Conservation. Evidence from Malawi
研究了马拉维土地产权不安全（短期租约和性别偏见的继承习俗）对土壤保护投资的负面影响，使用家庭固定效应线性概率模型分析地块数据，发现两种产权不安全均抑制投资，建议土地改革应解决租赁市场非正规性和习俗造成的使用者与所有者分离。
Tenure insecurity can have important consequences for the conservation of natural resources. This paper focuses on two main sources of tenure insecurity, informal short-term tenancy contracts, and customary gender-biased inheritance practices. Using a large plot-level dataset from Malawi, the analysis employs a linear probability model with household fixed effects and finds that both sources of insecurity have a negative effect on soil conservation investments. These findings suggest that future land reforms should deal with the informality of the land rental market and address the gap between users and owners of land created by existing customary practices.