A Theory of Protest Voting
研究了主流候选人的支持者为何会投票给单一议题的少数党，以影响主流政策，发现对抗议议题的热情预期与投票支持可能呈负相关。
The supporters of a mainstream candidate contemplate voting for a special‐issue minority party (which risks opening the door to a disliked opponent) in order to influence mainstream policy. Protest voting reacts negatively to expectations about others’ enthusiasm for the protest issue, more so if the candidate learns from the protest and responds endogenously. I find that electoral support for single‐issue protest parties can be negatively related to the true underlying enthusiasm for their causes. The risk that the candidate loses office are maximised when the expected enthusiasm for the protest issue makes the candidate indifferent ex ante to accepting the protesters’ demands.