The Welfare Cost of Homicides in Brazil: Accounting for Heterogeneity in the Willingness to Pay for Mortality Reductions
估计了巴西凶杀案的健康福利成本，考虑年龄、性别、教育和地区差异，使用边际支付意愿方法将死亡率上升的福利成本货币化，发现福利成本现值约占GDP的78%，年流量为2.3%，且使用汇总数据会导致约20%的偏差。
This paper estimates the health dimension of the welfare cost of homicides in Brazil incorporating age, gender, educational, and regional heterogeneities. We use a marginal willingness to pay approach to assign monetary values to the welfare cost of increased mortality due to violence. Results indicate that the present discounted value of the welfare cost of homicides in Brazil corresponds to roughly 78% of the GDP or, in terms of yearly flow, 2.3%. The analysis also shows that reliance on aggregate data to perform such calculations can lead to biases of around 20% in the estimated social cost of violence.