GALTONIAN REGRESSION ACROSS COUNTRIES AND THE CONVERGENCE OF PRODUCTIVITY
用对数形式的加尔顿模型解释各国生产率随时间趋同的现象，包括β趋同和σ趋同，并指出“回归谬误”不会出现。比较增长和生产率水平时，应按初始生产率水平分类，最好在对数变换后进行。
ABSTRACTS A Galton model, in logarithmic form is used to explain the convergence of countries' productivities over time, including β and σ convergence. The ‘regression fallacy’ does not arise. When comparing growths and levels of productivity, countries should be classified by their initial levels of productivity, preferably after logarithmic transformation. Errors in the data may justify using an error‐in‐variables model, or the geometric mean of the original and reverse regressions, but this is not certain.