R & D Reactions to High-Technology Import Competition
基于308家美国制造商17年面板数据，分析企业研发支出对高科技进口变化的反应，发现短期研发强度下降，但市场集中度、跨国研发、企业规模和多元化会加剧反应，贸易壁垒则减弱反应，长期反应更强烈。
For a seventeen-year panel covering 308 U.S. manufacturers, the authors analyze companies' R&D spending reactions to changes in high-technology imports. On average, R&D/sales ratios were reduced in the short run as imports rose. Reactions tended to be more aggressive the more concentrated the markets were in which the firms operated, when company R&D operations were multinational, and with greater company size and diversification. Reactions were less aggressive when special trade barriers had been erected. Reactions became more aggressive over the longer run. Copyright 1992 by MIT Press.