Survey Evidence on Wage Rigidity and Unemployment: Sweden in the 1990s*
基于1990年代瑞典经济衰退期间对159家制造企业的重复调查，发现长期高失业和低通胀并未削弱工人对降薪的抵制，并探讨了原因及效率工资机制。
Abstract We document the results of a repeat survey, which updates Agell and Lundborg (1995) , on wage rigidity in a sample of 159 Swedish manufacturing firms, conducted during the severe Swedish recession of the 1990s. It is found that not even a prolonged period of very high unemployment and quite low inflation softened workers’ resistance to wage cuts. We discuss possible reasons for this. In addition, we report new evidence on underbidding, efficiency‐wage mechanisms, and unemployment persistence.