Murray River Salinity—An Illustrative Model
针对澳大利亚墨累河灌溉引起的盐度问题，建立了一个基于公共财产概念的模型，说明不同制度结构如何影响农户土地利用决策和盐度问题，并指出开放获取会导致社会福利损失。
Abstract Salinity problems have received increasing attention in recent years. This article addresses irrigation‐related salinity in Australia's Murray River system. Analysis of these problems involves a number of issues which have so far received limited attention in discussions of salinity. These include farmers' incentives to adopt different land management practices and the structure of property rights. This article describes a model, based on concepts of common property, which has been developed to illustrate how different institutional structures can affect farm land use decisions and salinity‐related problems. It is shown that open access solutions imply social welfare losses, and that procedures used in the past are likely to lead to underestimates of these losses.